Joint



NOY. 4, 1930. E. J. HAYMAN 1,780,232

JOINT Filed Feb. 28, 1928 i Jkl? 5 .'IIIIIIIIm-Illlllilllll!! 6 Petenied Nev. 4, 1930 UNITED. STATES EBEE HAYMAN, F PARXEBSBURG, WEST VIRGINIA.

Application mea February' es, 192s. serial no. 257,739.

pipe sections wherein they may be shipped in an. unlocked or open nested condition and then the edges snapped or locked together by the user. Such a structure has particular ad- 10 vantages -in that a large number may be shipped in a small space, andfalsothat' such sections may be readily unlatched when it is desired to move the same such as in tourist camps, and for army use or the like. Of course the-invention contemplates a lock of such anature that will not accidentally separate while in use, and that will be comparatively tight.v

Another adaptation of the invention is to'a receptacle in which either the longitudinal seam or the head or end may be secured together or to thebody in a more or less detachable manner. To this end the invention contemplates in one of its aspects a joint for articles of sheet material which in the case of stove pipes, receptacles or crates will be of sheet metal. In f the former, the joint contemplated is a longitudinal one, that is the seam formed by overl lapping the edge portions of the sheet, thereby forming a closed structure. This joint is formed b doubling one edge portion upon itself to .crm three thicknesses of material between whichtheother edge portion is enclosed. One of these edge portions is provided vvith an aperture, the other with an offset lock projectlng toward the inside or axis side of the pipe, A-raw edge of the aperture engages a raw edge of the offset lock thereby preventing-separation of the parts. However, due to the sloping sides of the offset lock. the edge portions may be slid upon each other lon 'tudinally and thus separated when it is deslred to unlat'ch the pipe.

In another form, the aperture may take the form of a crescent, one edge thereof defnin a tongue which underlies the offset lock, an thus more efficiently secures the parts tom gether.

The invention 'may applied to a. container ne adaptation of the invention is to stoveA such as a crate withiny which stove pipe sections ma be shipped, to nail kegs, powder kegs, 1n act any receptacle which requires a locked or latched joint either as a longitudinal seam or as a top, head or bottom. 55 The invention as thus applied contemplates areceptacle having overlapping edge portions which may be either longitudinal, or an edge of the end, head or bottom overlapping the edge portion of thefbody. Between these parts an interlock is provided in which an ofi-v set lock in one portion engages an aperture in the other. It is preferable that a1 raw edge in the offset lock engage a raw edge Aof the aperture as this has been found to be the most @5 efficient arrangement. Where'the aperture is `substantially crescent shaped and defines a tongue which underlies the offset lock, the parts are most securely fastened together. The two overlapping edge portions may or may not be doubled upon themselves as desired, bu-t in all cases I contemplate the use of an offset lock having sloping ends so that in the case of a longitudinal seam, movement in that direction will cause the lock to ride out of the recess and thus separate the parts. Incase the lock is applied to the end, head or bottorn of a container, rotation of the end in its plane will have the same effect.

Such a construction in a container, enables 8 one to supply this article to the trade with either or both ends removable and capable of being unlatched longitudinally so that the body and ends may be shipped from the factory to the jobber or dealer in a knocked down or flat condition, vand by him assemb led as desired.

The invention further consists in the novel arrangement, combination and construction of parts more fully hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a. stove pipe eme bodymg my invention. Y

Fig. 2 isa sectional view along the line 95 2-2 ofFig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view ofthe lock of Figs. 1 and 2. y

Fig. 4 is an elevation of a. modified form of-loek.

' Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of a receptacle embodying my invention and showing one end removed.

Fig. 7 is a detail of the receptacle of Fig. 6. Fi Sis a view showing a modified form of lock or a receptacle.

In the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown a stove pipe section of sheet metal having edge portlons 1 and 2. Edge portion 1 is doubled upon itself to form three thicknesses of material between two of which the edge portion 2 is enclosed.

In one of the thicknesses of the edge portion 1 I provide an aperture 3 having a straight edge 4 and a substantially semicircular edge 5. This aperture is formed by punching out or removing the metal from the sheet and therefore the above edges are what I shall term raw.

The aperture is free in the sense that there is no wall portion overlying or covering it, which is liable to be crushed down and prevent the lock from properly interlocking with the edge of the aperture.

The edge portion 2 is provided with a lock 6 in the form of an offset element outstanding from the face of the sheet and projecting toward the axis or inside of the pipe or structure. This is necessary in order to prevent the lock from accidentally leavingthe aperture when the pipe is flexed to form a cylinder.

This offset lock includes a substantially semi-circular or arc shaped raw edge 7, the ends of the arc. sloping downwardly toward and merging with the face of the sheet. As shown the raw edge 7 of the offset lock engages with the raw edge 4 of the aperture and' thus opposes any direct tendency to'se arate. However, the two edge portions may e slid or moved relatively to each other in alongitudinal direction due to the slo ing shoulders or ends of the offset lock, an thus separated when it is desired to unlatch the sections.

-It is to be noted that the offset lock must be forced between'the two thicknesses in the opposite ed e portion, whereupon the lock snaps into t e aperture 3 and is securely retained therein.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a modified form of latch in which the aperture is shown at 8. This aperture has the arc of semicircula'r raw edge 9 as in Figs. 1 and 2, and in addition has l a second raw are shaped edge 10. Thus a substantially crescent shaped aperture is formed, the edge 10 defining a tongue 11. A

-lock 6 offset as before is provided vin the coooperating edge portion.

When the two edge portions are assembled as in Fig. 5 it will be seen that the tongue 11 underlies t-he offset lock 6 thus' securely fastening the two edge portions together.

Such being'the case, this joint will stand a considerable amount of iexing and battering without permitting the offset lock 6 to slip out of the aperture.

In both the forms shown, Figs. 3 and 4, the arch or semicircular form of the offset lock 6 strengthens the structure and renders it less liable to be crushed or distorted during shipment.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown in Figs. 6 and 7 in which a receptacle or crate is illustrated in which nested stove pipe or the like may be shipped.

This container comprises a body 12 of sheet material preferably metal having strengthening corrugations 13 therein. At each end of the body 12 an uncorrugated edge portion 14 is provided, that portion of the crate lbeing of the largest diameter..

The longitudinal edges of the crate are latched together with the latch of Fig. 1.

The crate body 12 is provided with-detachable ends or heads which consist of a plane portion 15 having a depending wall 16.

In Fig. 5, the edge portion of the body 12 is provided with offset locks 6 which seat and snap into apertures 3 in the wall or edge portion of the top, the latter overlying the former. Thus it will be seen that the ends may be snapped into place by slipping the wall 16 over the edge portion 14 of the body and allowing the parts to latch.

Due to the fact that the lock 6 has sloping ends, the entire top may be given a slight rotative movement relative to the body whereupon the locks ride out of the apertures and the end may be removed.

The body 12 of Fig. 8 has its end portions folded upon itself to form three thicknesses of material and between two of them, the wall of the top is enclosed.

The crate of Fig. 6 is particularly advantageous in the shipment of stove pipe sections in that the unlatched sections may be nested and packed tight within the crate until the outermost section abuts the body corrugations. As the end portions 14 of the body are of larger diameter than the body proper, upon removing one end or head, it is a comparatively simple matter to remove one or a number of the nested sections as a space exists between the section end and the inner face of the end portion 14.

The crate after use as a shipping container may be used as a container for loose articles in stores such as seeds, bulbs, pick handles or the like, or as a waste basket or container.

When it is desired to use the crate in which to store comparatively long articles such as shovels or rakes which would otherwise cause the whole to topple over, the two ends may be removed and one secured to the store floor or other support as by nails, screws or the like.' The open ended bod)1 may then be snapped into the top and a container is provided which will not fall over. Were both ends not made removable it would be extremely didicult if not impossible to reach inside to fasten the container to the floor.

'l In another form of this lock, the odset lock may take the form of a crescent, the edge thereof dening a tongue which overlies one edge of the aperture and thus more ediciently secures the parts together.

1. A joint for metallic members comprising overlapping edge portions, an uncovered aperture in one edge portion, an odset lock in the other edge portion, a raw edge adjacent the aperture engaging a raw edge of the odset lock. said odset lock being so shaped that the two edge portions are capable of relative longitudinalmovement to disengage the same..

2. A joint for metallic members comprising overlapping edge portions, a substantially crescent shaped aperture in one edge portion having a raw edge, an odset lock in the other edge portion, the raw edge of the aperture in part engaging a raw edge of the odset lock and having a portion extending beyond the edge of the odset lock tooverlap the same.

3. A joint for metallic members comprising overlapping vedge portions, an odset lock in one edge portion', a tongue in the other edge portion, the tongue projecting beyond the edge'of and underlying a portion of the odset lock.

4. A closed metallic structure having over-I lapping edge portions.` one of said portions being doubled onitself to form' three thicknesses, one edge portion being enclosed between the doubled thickness of the other edge portion, .an uncovered aperture inone edge 4 tion, a raw edge in the aperture engaging a.

portion, an odset lock in the other edge porraw edge in the odset lock, the edg portions being capable of relative movem nt.

5. A closed metallic structure having overlapping edge portions, one ofsaid portions beingidoubled on itself `to form three thicknesses, the other portion being enclosed between the doubled thickness of the other edge portion, an uncovered aperture in one edge portion, an odset lock inthe other edge p0rtion and within the aperture, the odset lock projecting towardthe inside of the structure, a raw edge of the odset lock engaging a raw edge of the aperture, the edge portions being capable of relative movement. j

6. A closed metallic structure having overlapping edge portions, one of said yportions being doubled on itselfto form three-ku thicknesses, the other edge portion beingeri between the doubled thickness, an uncovered aperture in the innermost thicknessv of the doubled edge portion, an odset lock in the closed 7. A closed metallic structure havingover- 1 lapping edge portions,rone of said portions being doubled on itself to form three thick- 'nesses, the other edge portion being enclosed between the doubled thickness, an uncovered aperture in one edge portion, an odset lock lin the other edge portion, a wall of the aperture underlying the odset lock.'

8. A closed metallic structure having overlapping edge portions, oneof ysaid portions being doubled on itself to form three thicknesses, the other edge being enclosed between the doubled thickness, a substantially crescent shaped aperture in one edge portion forming a tongue, an odset lock in the other edge portion, said tongue underlying the odset lock. l A l 9. A joint for lmetallic members comprising overlapping edge portions, one having an aperture and the other having an odset lock to enter said aperturefwhereby an edge of the lock will engage an edge of the aperture, one

of saidedges being crescent shaped, substantially as described.

10. A closed metallic structure having overlapping edge portions, one of which edge portions is doubled upon. itself to provide a free flange connectedwith the main body of the member by an intermediate layer, forming a recess between the free and intermediate layers in which recessV the other overlapping edge is received, said last mentioned overlapping edge having within its margin an odset lock with a raw edge, and the free flange having a free opening formed by comroo plete removal of the material, said free opening having a .raw edge engaged by the raw edge of said odset lock when the overlapping edge portions are brought together, said odset lock projecting towards the inside of the structure, substantially as described.

11. A joint for cylindrical metallic mem- .bers comprising an edge portion folded back upon itself on the axis side of the member and refolded to rovide a dange spaced apart from the first old with a groove @between said-folds, said flange having an uncovered opening therein, the other -portion being adapted to enter said groove and having an odset lock to enter the uncovered opening of the ilange, saidodset lock having its end porlapping edge portions longitudinally of the 'I jomt.

In testimony whereof I adix m j vEBLR J. H YMAN.

other'edge portion and lying in the aperture,

signature.

iso 

